Showing posts with label Maven Tutorial. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Maven Tutorial. Show all posts

Spring Hibernate Java tutorial: Create a simple Web app using JEE



Install Apache Tomcat application server

To run JEE based web apps, you need an  application server that contains a web container. There are a number of application servers like Apache Tomcat, JBoss, GlassFish, etc. This tutorial will use Apache Tomcat.

Step 1: Download and install Apache Tomcat from http://tomcat.apache.org/download-70.cgi. The installing is all about unzipping it to the right folder. If you are running on Windows 7, download the 64-bit windows zip.




Continue with creating a Web project.

Step 2: Generate a Web project structure using Maven as we did for simple Java project in the previous tutorial. Run the command under C:\Temp\Java\projects.

mvn archetype:generate -DgroupId=com.mytutorial -DartifactId=simpleWeb  -DarchetypeArtifactId=maven-archetype-webapp

This would have created  the simpleWeb and a number of other sub folders adhering to the maven convention.


As you can see, it had generated a webapp folder and the web.xml.

Step 3: Import this project into eclipse. This step is very similar to the simple Java tutorial.


Also, note that in the top right hand corner  the tab says that eclipse is in Java EE perspective.

Integrate Tomcat server into eclipse so that you can it within eclipse.

Step 4: From eclipse top menu select "Window --> Preferences"



Step 5: Select the path to previously installed Tomcat server.




Step 6: Add this new server to the panel marked "Server". This where the "Console" tab is also located. This will also allow you to deploy the "simpleWeb" project to the Tomcat  server.





Step 7: Deploy the simpleWeb project by selecting it from the left pane marked "Available" and adding to the right pane marked "Configured".



Step 8: Start the Tomcat server that was deployed with the simpleWeb within eclipse by right-mouse-clicking on the server and selecting "Start".




Step 9: The console tab will output the server logs.



Step 10: Once the server has started, you type the following URL in a browser of your choice. Now you have a very simple Web application running in Tomcat server.

http://localhost:8080/simpleWeb/index.jsp



Now, let's see how we can build the war  package and deploy it to Tomcat from outside eclipse.

Step 11: Firstly, use Maven to build the war package. These steps are very similar to simple Java tutorial, except for deploying the Web ARchive (i.e. the war file) to Tomcat, and starting Tomcat outside eclipse. If your Tomcat is already running within eclipse stop it by selecting the server and then right-mouse-clicking to bring up the context menu, and then selecting the "Stop" button. You can check the "console" tab to see if the server has stopped.


Step 12: Now, use the "mvn" command to build the war file after changing the directory to "simpleWeb"  in a command line.  You need to be in the "simpleWeb" folder because that is where the pom.xml file is.


c:\Temp\Java\projects\simpleWeb>mvn clean install

Step 13: You can see the generate war file deployed to your local maven repository.



Step 14: To deploy the simpleWeb-1.0-SNAPSHOT.war file to Tomcat, copy it to the Tomcat's "webapps" folder, and then you can start the server by double clicking on "startup.bat", which will deploy the application when the server starts up. It simply unzips the simpleWeb-1.0-SNAPSHOT.war file by creating a new folder "simpleWeb-1.0-SNAPSHOT", which will have all the required files.




Step 15: Once the server is started, you can access the application in browser of your choice with the following URL.

http://localhost:8080/simpleWeb-1.0-SNAPSHOT/index.jsp


As you can notice, "simpleWeb-1.0-SNAPSHOT" is the exploded folder under the "webapps" folder within Tomcat file structure.

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Spring Hibernate Java Tutorial: Setting up Java, Maven, and eclipse



This is mainly for the beginners of Java to get familiarized with Java, Maven, and eclipse. This will also be handy for starting on your self-taught Java projects.

Install and configure Java

Step 1:  Download and install Java 6 or later version if available by googling "Java downloads". Make sure that you download and install the right version for the operating system on which you will be running -- for example Windows (32 bit or 64 bit), Linux, Solaris, MAC, etc. You will need both the JDK and the JRE.




The javac is the compiler that converts a source file (e.g. HelloWorld.java) to a byte code file  (e.g. HelloWorld.class). The java is the run-time command to execute a program (i.e. java HelloWorld). The src.zip is where all the library files are located and rt.jar is where the run-time class files are located.

Step 2: Set the environment variables. In a command prompt, if you type "set" (in WIN 32)  and "env" (in Unix), it will show all the environment variables. You need to set the JAVA_HOME environment variable. In DOS it is %JAVA_HOME% and in a Unix system, it is $JAVA_HOME. You also need to add %JAVA_HOME%/bin to the "path" environment variable. you can verify if Java is set up correctly by typing the following command in a command prompt.



If the version is not displayed, then Java is not set up correctly.

Install and configure Maven

Maven is a build and deployment tool.

Step 1: Download and install Maven from http://maven.apache.org/download.html.

Step 2: Configure the environment variables "M2_HOME" and "path". Use M2_HOME instead of M3_HOME as eclipse might not work well with M3_HOME. For example

SET USERPROFILE=%TOOLS_HOME%home
SET JAVA_HOME=%TOOLS_HOME%java\jdk-1.6.0_25

SET M2_HOME=%TOOLS_HOME%maven\apache-maven-3.0.3

SET MAVEN_OPTS=-Xmx512m -XX:MaxPermSize=256m -Duser.home=%USERPROFILE%

Once maven has been set up correctly, you should be able to verify it by


You can set up the repository location by opening the settings.xml file under conf folder inside your maven installation directory. Repository is where the dependency Java libraries will be stored.

<localRepository>c:\tools\home\.m2\repository</localRepository>

If your internet access requires proxy settings, you need have that added to your settings.xml file.

<proxy>

  <id>optional</id>

  <active>true</active>

  <protocol>http</protocol>

  <username>proxyuser</username>

  <password>proxypass</password>

  <host>webproxy</host>

  <port>8080</port>

  <nonProxyHosts>local.net,some.host.com</nonProxyHosts>

</proxy>


Install and configure eclipse. 

Step 1: Download and install eclipse latest version from http://www.eclipse.org/downloads/. It is an IDE (i.e. Integrated Development Environment). Get the EE (Enterprise Edition).


Step 2: It is a good practice to keep your eclipse work space separate from where your tutorials or projects are stored. This will not tie up your projects or tutorials with an IDE. What if you want to use your projects or tutorials with NetBeans? For example


Here is a simple step by step guide in setting up Maven and eclipse

Step 1: The settings.xml file under %M2_HOME%/conf is where you can set up your local repository location, central repository server from where you can download the relevant artifacts, proxy server settings to access internet, etc as shown below.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<settings xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0"
          xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
          xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/settings-1.0.0.xsd">
  
  <localRepository>c:\temp\java\.m2\repository</localRepository>
  
  <proxies>    
    <proxy>
   <id>genproxy</id>
      <active>true</active>
      <protocol>http</protocol>
      <username>username</username>
      <password>passwd</password>
      <host>proxy-server</host>
      <port>8080</port>
      <nonProxyHosts>localhost</nonProxyHosts>
    </proxy>
  
  </proxies>
  
 
</settings>


You can browse the repository by going to http://repo1.maven.org.maven.org where you can search for artifacts and relevant version numbers. You can even manually download artifacts.

Step 2: Generate the pom structure with the following maven command.

C:\Temp\Java\projects>mvn archetype:generate -DgroupId=com.mytutorial -DartifactId=simple

Note: Make sure that you already don't have a folder "simple" under projects. Accept the default settings when prompted by pressing enter. Now, if you inspect the file structure, it will look like.


Carefully, inspect the folders and files that maven has created. The local repository will also have a number of jar files for project dependencies like junit.jar and maven plugin jars.



This maven project can be imported into eclipse.

Step 3: create an eclipse short cut as shown below to open eclipse with your workspace "my-tutorials"

C:\Tools\eclipse\eclipse-3.7-SR2-win32-x86_64\eclipse.exe -data  C:\Temp\Java\workspace\my-tutorials


Step 4: Close the welcome splash screen, and tell eclipse with the help of the m2e (i.e maven to eclipse) plugin where your maven settings.xml file is residing. This is done by selecting from the eclipse main menu Window --> Preferences --> Maven (note: you can also search at the top in the Preferences dialogue).  As you can see below, it will also display your repository location as highlighted in blue.



Now, you can refresh your projects or select the project "simple" and then right-mouse-click to bring up the contextual menu, and then select "Maven --> Update Dependencies" to see the packages your project depends on. In this example, it is junit-xxx.jar.




You can also check you build path by  right-mouse-clicking on the simple project and then selecting Build Path --> Configure Build Path

Step 5: Import the maven project you had just created. Select  File --> Import and then



Click Next,



Step 6: Now, you can see the "App.java" Java source file as shown below. This was created by Maven.



Also inspect the pom.xml file which is used for packaging up your artifacts. The junit.jar is required for writing unit tests. You can also notice AppTest.java under src/test/java 




Step 7: You can run the class by "right-clicking" on App.java to bring up the contextual menu and then selecting "Run As" and then "Java Application", which prints the output "Hello World" in the console tab window.


Step 8: You can now package it as a jar file by running the mvn command on a command prompt. The pom file says the packaging type is "jar". Currently the target folder is empty, and once you package it, it will have the packaged artifacts.

Firstly, locate the folder where the pom.xml file is and then execute the mvn command.


The command is "mvn clean package". if you refresh the "target" folder by selecting it and pressing F5 or by selecting it and then right-mouse-clicking and then selecting "Refresh" you will see the artifacts that are generated. If you don't want the junit tests to be run, you can add -Dmaven.test.skip to the above command.

If you want the package to be deployed to your maven repository which is located at "c:\temp\java\.m2\repository" you should run the command "mvn clean install".



Step 9: Finally, you can run the jar file from a command prompt.The classpath tells where to find the App.class file.


java -classpath C:\Temp\Java\.m2\repository\com\mytutorial\simple\1.0-SNAPSHOT\simple-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar com.mytutorial.App


That's it. You now have Java, Maven (build tool), and eclipse (IDE) working with each other. If you liked this give me your feedback and stay tuned for more tutorials.

Note: If you want to generate the eclipse related artifacts outside eclipse from a command-line, you can issue the following command mvn eclipse:clean eclipse:eclipse. Similar commands are available for other IDEs as well.



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